282 points • 3 days ago • Article Link

苹果和谷歌都在强化对移动操作系统的控制，促使用户转而寻找替代方案。谷歌计划于 2026 年 9 月生效的新规要求所有 Android 应用开发者在谷歌注册、签署合同、缴纳费用并提交政府颁发的身份证件，这实际上阻断了来自未注册开发者的侧载应用，且没有退出选项。 Keep Android Open 活动一直在提醒公众注意这些限制，而谷歌则通过静默更新推动这些变化。

多家公司提供无谷歌服务的手机，既有去谷歌化的 Android 版本，也有完全不同的基于 Linux 的系统。 Murena 是较为知名的选择，销售搭载 /e/OS 的手机和平板，这是一个以隐私为导向的去谷歌化 Android 系统，他们也提供 Fairphone 等高可修复性的设备。瑞士公司 Punkt 生产极简主义手机，如注重安全与隐私的 MC03 。

德国厂商 Volla 提供可运行自家 Volla OS 或 Ubuntu Touch 的手机和平板（Ubuntu Touch 是 Canonical 手机系统的社区继承版本）。芬兰公司 Jolla 出售搭载 Sailfish OS 的手机，其最新的 C2 已经前两批售罄，第三批现正接受预订。

想要纯粹 Linux 体验的用户可以选择 Furilabs 的 FLX1 与 FLX1s（运行 Debian），这些机型比主流智能机明显更厚更重。 Purism 的 Librem 5 是一款以自由软件驱动的手机，按当下标准配置偏低但价格不菲，反映了"数字自由"的成本。 Pine64 则有最初版的 PinePhone，一款面向黑客、低配置但易于折腾的设备，可运行 Mobian Linux 或 postmarketOS 。

大多数替代系统都能通过虚拟机或容器运行 Android 应用，从而解决兼容性问题。文章还指出，苹果也在推行令人反感的改动，例如 iOS 26.4 中的年龄验证措施，要求扫描护照或驾照等官方证件，这可能会把没有此类身份证件的用户锁在自己设备之外。 Both Apple and Google are tightening control over their mobile operating systems, prompting users to seek alternatives. Google's upcoming changes, set to take effect in September 2026, will require all Android app developers to register with Google, sign contracts, pay fees, and submit government ID. This effectively blocks sideloading apps from unregistered developers, with no opt-out option. The Keep Android Open campaign has been raising awareness about these restrictions, which Google is pushing through silent updates.

Several companies offer smartphones with Google-free operating systems, either de-Googled versions of Android or entirely different Linux-based OSes. Murena is one prominent option, selling phones and tablets with /e/OS, a privacy-focused de-Googled Android. They also offer devices from Fairphone, known for high repairability scores. Punkt, a Swiss company, produces minimalist phones like the MC03, which focuses on security and privacy.

Volla, a German manufacturer, offers smartphones and tablets that can run either their own Volla OS or Ubuntu Touch, the community-led continuation of Canonical's phone OS. Jolla, a Finnish company, sells phones with Sailfish OS, and their latest C2 handset has already seen two batches sell out, with a third batch currently available for order.

For those wanting a pure Linux experience, Furilabs offers the FLX1 and FLX1s phones running Debian. These devices are notably thick and heavy compared to mainstream smartphones. Purism sells the Librem 5, a Free Software-powered phone that's low-end by modern standards but expensive, reflecting the cost of digital freedom. Pine64 offers the original PinePhone, a low-spec hacker-friendly device that can run Mobian Linux or postmarketOS.

Most of these alternative OSes can run Android apps through virtual machines or containers, addressing compatibility concerns. The article also notes that Apple is implementing unwelcome changes too, including age verification measures in iOS 26.4 that require scanning official documents like passports or driver's licenses, which can lock out users without such ID from controlling their own devices.