公共厕所小便池的设计一个多世纪以来几乎未曾改变，但尿液飞溅问题一直存在。尿液飞溅到地面和使用者身上不仅带来严重的卫生隐患和异味，还需要频繁且昂贵的清洁维护。全球数以百万计的小便池在用，这一看不见的低效每天造成大量的水和人力浪费，并增加使用者接触细菌的风险。

研究人员将流体力学和微分方程的原理应用于这一长期未改的问题。通过分析液流的飞溅动力学，研究发现冲击角度是决定飞溅产生的关键因素。具体来说，团队发现当入射流与受撞表面夹角不超过 30°时，飞溅几乎可以被完全抑制。基于这一发现，研究团队运用等角曲线问题的数学方法，设计出新的优化小便池几何形状，确保尿液撞击盆面时的入射角不超过该临界值。

两种由此产生的设计被命名为 Cornucopia 和 Nautilus，并通过高速成像与定量质量测量实验得到验证。与常见商业小便池相比，这些新型模型显著减少了飞溅，其中 Nautilus 表现尤为出色。除了流体动力学上的优势外，Nautilus 还通过更低、更友好的边缘高度，提升了对儿童与轮椅使用者等更广泛人群的无障碍性。

研究表明，精确而非激进的几何调整即可大幅改善公共卫生并提高可持续性。若广泛采用这些无飞溅设计，可减少与清洁相关的用水与清洁剂消耗，带来显著的环境和经济效益。研究人员还指出，用于抑制飞溅的物理模型具有更广泛的应用前景，他们甚至打趣地提出了一种反向设计，称为 Urine-no，通过使入射角达到 90°来刻意最大化飞溅，以此威慑公共场合随地小便。 Public restroom urinals have remained largely unchanged in design for over a century, despite the persistent issue of splashback. This phenomenon, which involves urine droplets splashing onto floors and users, creates significant hygiene problems, generates foul odors, and requires intensive, costly cleaning efforts. With millions of urinals in use globally, this invisible inefficiency results in massive daily waste of water and human labor, alongside increased exposure to bacteria for facility occupants.

Researchers have now applied principles of fluid physics and differential equations to address this stagnation. By analyzing the splash dynamics of liquid streams, the study established that impact angle is a critical factor in splash generation. Specifically, the team determined that when an impinging stream hits a surface at an angle of 30 degrees or less, splashback is almost entirely suppressed. This finding allowed the team to use the isogonal curve problem to mathematically design new, optimized urinal geometries that ensure urine impacts the basin at or below this critical threshold.

The resulting designs, dubbed the Cornucopia and the Nautilus, were validated through both high-speed imaging and quantitative mass-measurement experiments. Compared to common contemporary commercial urinals, these new models demonstrate a dramatic reduction in splashback, with the Nautilus design proving particularly effective. Beyond its fluid dynamics performance, the Nautilus is also designed to improve accessibility for a wider range of users, including children and those in wheelchairs, by featuring a lower, more accommodating rim height.

These findings suggest that precise, non-drastic geometric adjustments can lead to substantial improvements in public sanitation and sustainability. By eliminating the constant need for cleaning-related water and solvent usage, the widespread adoption of these splash-free designs could offer significant environmental and economic benefits. The researchers also noted that the underlying physics model for splash suppression has broader applications, and they even humorously proposed a inverse design called the urine-no, which utilizes a 90-degree impact angle to intentionally maximize splash as a deterrent against public urination.

在 European Union 针对智能手机和平板电脑的可维修性法规实施一年后，合规情况仍然令人担忧。 Right to Repair Europe 联盟报告称，目前市场上超过 80% 的设备未能向用户提供法规要求的维修信息。尽管这些规则自 2025 年 6 月生效，要求制造商公布维修说明和备件定价，但对 European Product Registry for Energy Labelling 的审查显示，大多数公司并未履行这些义务。

该组织对超过 2,300 款智能手机型号进行检查，发现只有 18% 的机型真正提供了能让消费者查到维修说明或备件的可用网站。其余条目中很大一部分字段为空，还有些则把用户引导到与维修无关的支持页面。个别情况下，厂商甚至把用户指向 Temu 或 AliExpress 等第三方市场去寻找零件，暴露出透明度不足和对法规精神的漠视。

尽管未能满足这些基本要求，许多厂商仍为自己打出高分的可维修性评分。允许企业自评的做法遭到倡导者批评：即便厂商在形式上合规，所提供的信息往往难以查找。对于主要品牌，想要查到单个零件的具体价格常常需要反复点击，且有时所列价格范围宽泛到几乎无法为消费者提供准确的维修成本参考。

Right to Repair Europe 现在质疑 EU 当前执法策略的有效性。他们指出，监管机构似乎很少对厂商提交到注册表的数据进行核查。批评者认为，在监管方要求公开支持这些自评分数的完整文件之前，这一体系仍然容易被操纵。

展望未来，预计还会有进一步的监管变动以强化消费者权利。从 2027 年 2 月起，新的移动设备将被要求配备用户可更换电池，目的是延长硬件使用寿命。尽管针对可穿戴设备等专业产品存在例外，但这一变化仍体现了 EU 为减少电子垃圾、提升消费电子长期可用性所做出的持续且充满挑战的努力。 One year after the implementation of the European Union's repairability regulations for smartphones and tablets, compliance remains alarmingly low. The Right to Repair Europe coalition reports that more than 80 percent of devices on the market currently fail to provide the mandatory repair information to owners. Although the rules, which took effect in June 2025, require manufacturers to publish repair instructions and spare parts pricing, a review of the European Product Registry for Energy Labelling indicates that most companies have not followed through.

The campaign group examined over 2,300 smartphone models and discovered that only 18 percent actually provide a functional website where consumers can find repair instructions or spare parts. A significant portion of the remaining entries contain blank fields, while others point users to irrelevant support pages. In some cases, companies have even directed customers to third-party marketplaces like Temu or AliExpress for parts, highlighting a lack of transparency and commitment to the spirit of the legislation.

Despite failing these basic requirements, many manufacturers continue to assign themselves high repairability scores. This practice of allowing companies to mark their own homework has drawn criticism from advocates, who point out that even when manufacturers are technically compliant, the information is often difficult to navigate. For major brands, finding concrete pricing for individual components often requires excessive clicking, and sometimes the listed prices are presented in such broad ranges that they become virtually meaningless for a consumer looking for an accurate repair cost.

The Right to Repair Europe group is now questioning the overall effectiveness of the EU's current enforcement strategy. They note that there appears to be little oversight from public authorities to verify the accuracy of the data manufacturers submit to the registry. Critics argue that until regulators demand the publication of the full documentation supporting these self-declared scores, the system will remain prone to manipulation.

Looking ahead, further regulatory changes are expected to strengthen consumer rights. Starting in February 2027, new mobile devices will be required to feature user-replaceable batteries, a move intended to extend the lifecycle of hardware. While some exceptions exist for specialized products like wearables, this upcoming shift represents a continued, albeit challenging, effort by the EU to combat electronic waste and improve the long-term usability of consumer technology.

在 Telluride Film Festival 上突袭放映的 174 分钟纪录片 You Can See Everything 引发了强烈好奇。影片由 Cult 喜剧演员 Nathan Fielder 和纪录片导演 Lance Oppenheim 联合执导，聚焦 Theranos 前 CEO Elizabeth Holmes，在她入狱服 11 年刑期前不久的生活。该片并非传统调查片，而是一部带有真人秀元素的心理剧，记录了 Fielder 试图探查这位因大规模金融欺诈被定罪的女性内在逻辑的过程。

2023 年，Fielder 和 Oppenheim 在 Elizabeth Holmes 与伴侣 Billy Evans 同住的 Del Mar 住所拍摄。整个采访过程中，Holmes 始终流露出一种令人毛骨悚然的不眨眼的真诚，坚称自己无辜，并继续为其已倒闭的医疗技术辩护。她把 Theranos 的失败解释为一个关于化学的小技术难题，只要给出更多时间本可以解决，而不是刑事欺诈。她对自身叙述的坚定坚持暗示出一种根深蒂固、近乎反社会人格的否认，使 Fielder 的严谨怀疑在很大程度上无效。

影片偏向元叙事风格，时而在现实与表演之间游走。 Fielder 刻意制造了一些尴尬且暴露本质的时刻，例如给 Holmes 看 Abbott and Costello 的经典段子，但她因完全缺乏幽默感且僵硬地按自己的标准定义现实，未能领会其中的意味。随着纪录片推进，片中还加入了曾在迷你剧 The Dropout 中饰演 Holmes 的演员 Amanda Seyfried 。 Seyfried 被安排朗读 Holmes 的访谈与电话记录，这一实验在真实事件与戏剧化再现之间架起了一座桥梁。

尽管影片试图探问 Holmes 行为背后的"为什么"，但明确不为她辩护。伴侣 Billy Evans 的出现为这幅家庭图景增添了毒性，凸显出一种控制欲强且刻薄的性格，使二人关系更加复杂。最终，这部纪录片对生活在自我构建幻想中的个体做出了一次深刻且令人不安的审视，留给观众去消化她那种令人不安的欺瞒本质及其所反映的特权问题的更广泛影响。 The surprise screening of the 174-minute documentary You Can See Everything at the Telluride Film Festival has generated intense curiosity. Directed by cult comedian Nathan Fielder and documentarian Lance Oppenheim, the film centers on Elizabeth Holmes, the disgraced former CEO of Theranos, shortly before she began her 11-year prison sentence. Rather than functioning as a standard investigative piece, the documentary operates as a reality-TV-infused psychodrama, capturing Fielder's attempts to probe the internal logic of a woman convicted of massive financial fraud.

Fielder and Oppenheim filmed at the Del Mar home Holmes shared with her partner, Billy Evans, in 2023. Throughout the interviews, Holmes maintains an eerie, blinkless sincerity, insisting she did nothing wrong and continuing to defend the viability of her defunct medical technology. She frames the failure of Theranos not as a criminal deception, but as a minor technical hurdle regarding chemistry that could have been solved with more time. This unwavering commitment to her own narrative suggests a deeply entrenched, almost sociopathic level of denial that leaves Fielder's rigorous skepticism largely ineffective.

The film leans into a meta-narrative style, occasionally drifting between reality and performance. Fielder forces awkward, revealing moments, such as showing Holmes a classic Abbott and Costello routine, which she fails to grasp due to a total lack of humor and a rigid need to define reality on her own terms. As the documentary progresses, it incorporates actress Amanda Seyfried, who previously portrayed Holmes in the miniseries The Dropout. Seyfried is tasked with reading transcripts of Holmes's interviews and phone conversations, an experiment that bridges the gap between the actual events and their dramatized portrayals.

While the project explores the "why" behind Holmes's actions, it notably refuses to offer any apologia for her behavior. The presence of her partner, Billy Evans, adds a layer of toxicity to the domestic portrait, highlighting a controlling and abrasive personality that complicates the dynamic. Ultimately, the documentary serves as a profound, unsettling examination of an individual living within a self-constructed fantasy, leaving the viewer to grapple with the disturbing nature of her duplicity and the broader implications of her entitlement.

California Institute of Technology 将于 2026 年 10 月 30 日至 11 月 1 日举办 Caltech Mathathon，这将成为首个完全以研究级数学为主题的 hackathon，具有重要的里程碑意义。此次活动紧随该领域一系列重大突破之后：AI 已成功攻克诸如距今约 80 年的 Erdos planar unit-distance conjecture 、构造 non-sofic groups，以及在 six-sphere 复杂结构方面取得潜在进展等长期难题。

这些快速进展凸显了关于学科未来的关键问题，尤其是人工智能将如何缩短从初步构想到同行评审发表之间的时间。活动还将探讨：在 AI 日益展现出解决复杂猜想能力的时代，人类数学家的角色将如何演变。组织者希望通过汇集全球数学人才，实时应对这一系列系统性变化。

在 40 小时的挑战赛中，100 支队伍将获得超过 200 万美元的 AI 额度，并可使用多款前沿模型。参赛者将专注于攻克未解的猜想并发展新的数学理论。赛后，各队需向由顶尖数学家组成的评审团展示成果，评审团将评估研究内容的实质价值及参赛者对成果的理解深度。

比赛将设一轮现场奖项，以表彰活动期间展示出的最有前景的研究成果；在更广泛的数学界有足够时间验证这些工作的有效性后，将再颁发第二轮奖项。该活动得到众多科技公司和风险投资公司的支持，作为一次实地试验，Mathathon 旨在检验人类直觉与机器智能在推动纯数学发现方面的协作潜力。 The California Institute of Technology is set to host the Caltech Mathathon from October 30 to November 1, 2026, marking a significant milestone as the first hackathon dedicated entirely to research-level mathematics. This event arrives on the heels of major breakthroughs in the field, where AI has successfully tackled long-standing challenges like the 80-year-old Erdos planar unit-distance conjecture, the construction of non-sofic groups, and potential advancements regarding the complex structure of the six-sphere.

These rapid developments highlight critical questions about the future of the discipline, specifically how artificial intelligence can accelerate the timeline from initial ideation to peer-reviewed publication. The event also seeks to explore the evolving role of the human mathematician in an era where AI is demonstrating an increasing capacity to solve complex conjectures. By bringing together global mathematical talent, the organizers aim to address these systemic shifts in real-time.

During the 40-hour challenge, one hundred teams will be equipped with over 2 million dollars in AI credits and access to frontier models. Participants will focus on solving open conjectures and developing new mathematical theories. Following their work, the teams will present their results to a panel of leading mathematicians, who will evaluate both the substance of their findings and the depth of their comprehension.

The competition will feature an initial round of prizes for the most promising results presented during the event. A subsequent round of awards will be issued once the broader mathematics community has had sufficient time to verify the validity of the work. Supported by a wide array of technology companies and venture firms, the Mathathon serves as a practical experiment to test the collaborative potential of human intuition and machine intelligence in the pursuit of pure mathematical discovery.

推测式解码是对大型语言模型的一种强力优化，用以克服标准自回归解码的效率瓶颈。基线方法在循环中每次只生成并确认一个 token，而推测式解码将流程拆成两个阶段：先由一个轻量级草稿模块提出一串候选 token，随后目标模型在一次前向中验证这些候选项。如果目标模型接受草稿的 token，系统即可一次性提交多个输出，从而显著提升吞吐量。

文章介绍了 vLLM 当前支持的五种具体草稿方法：native Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) 、 Gemma 4 MTP 、 EAGLE-3 、 DFlash 和 DSpark 。这些方法主要在于如何利用目标模型的信息以及如何生成候选 token 存在差异。例如，native MTP 使用模型本身的辅助路径，而 DFlash 和 DSpark 则采用专门的、以目标为条件的网络并行预测整块未来 token 。相比之下，EAGLE-3 依赖一种自回归机制，结合了目标 Transformer 不同阶段的隐层状态。

在 AMD Instinct™ MI300X 和 MI355X GPU 上的实验表明，推测式解码的效果高度依赖具体的模型家族、草稿检查点和目标工作负载。某些配置的吞吐量提升超过 2 倍，但并非所有数据集和模型都能获得一致的性能提高。推测 token 的数量（即 proposal length）是关键调参项：随着草稿 token 数量增加，吞吐量通常会上升，但到达某一点后会趋于平缓甚至下降，因为额外的草稿开销开始抵消验证成功带来的收益。

在实际落地时，推测式解码需要细致的观测和调优。文章建议监控吞吐量、平均被接受长度和各位置的接受率等指标，以确定最优配置。由于不同负载的 token 可预测性差异显著，通常没有一刀切的设置。推荐的流程是从已知配置出发，针对不同的 proposal length 进行扫描，找到最适合当前任务的平衡点。

最后，为新的目标模型训练定制的 speculator 是进一步提升性能的可行途径。该过程包括收集目标模型的代表性隐层状态来训练草稿组件，确保投机器与目标的内部表征对齐。通过让草稿模型的架构和训练数据与目标领域（例如数学或代码生成）相匹配，用户可以获得更高的接受率，从而在生产环境中实现更高的服务吞吐量。 Speculative decoding serves as a powerful optimization for large language models, addressing the efficiency limitations of standard autoregressive decoding. While the baseline approach generates and commits one token at a time in a repetitive loop, speculative decoding separates the process into two distinct phases. A lightweight draft component first proposes a sequence of candidate tokens, and the original target model then verifies these candidates in a single pass. If the target model accepts the draft tokens, the system commits multiple outputs simultaneously, significantly increasing throughput.

The article details five specific drafting methods currently supported in vLLM: native Multi-Token Prediction (MTP), Gemma 4 MTP, EAGLE-3, DFlash, and DSpark. These approaches differ primarily in how they leverage information from the target model and how they generate candidate tokens. For instance, native MTP uses a model-native auxiliary path, while DFlash and DSpark utilize dedicated, target-conditioned networks to predict entire blocks of future tokens in parallel. EAGLE-3, by contrast, relies on an autoregressive mechanism that incorporates hidden states from various stages of the target Transformer.

Experimental results on AMD Instinct™ MI300X and MI355X GPUs demonstrate that the impact of speculative decoding is highly dependent on the specific model family, draft checkpoint, and target workload. While some configurations showed throughput gains exceeding 2x, performance improvements were not uniform across all datasets and models. The number of speculative tokens, or the proposal length, proved to be a critical tuning variable. Throughput generally improved as more tokens were drafted, up to a point, after which it hit a plateau or declined because the overhead of additional drafting work began to outweigh the benefits of successful verification.

Practical implementation of speculative decoding requires careful observability and tuning. The article suggests that users monitor signals such as throughput, mean accepted length, and per-position acceptance rates to identify the optimal configuration. Because different workloads exhibit different token predictability, a one-size-fits-all setting is rarely sufficient. A recommended workflow involves starting from a known configuration and performing a sweep of different proposal lengths to find the balance that best suits the specific task at hand.

Finally, training a custom speculator for a new target model is a viable path for further performance gains. This process involves collecting representative hidden states from the target model to train the draft component, ensuring that the speculator is well-aligned with the target's internal representations. By matching the draft model's architecture and training data to the target's expected domain, such as mathematics or code generation, users can achieve better acceptance rates and, consequently, higher serving throughput in their production environments.

本界面为 Mellet 地区的乘客提供实时交通信息，重点显示即将发车的交通选项，并提示 Mellet Pont-à-Migneloux 站距当前位置仅约三分钟步行。该平台作为独立应用运行，明确声明不隶属于任何政府机构或官方交通运营商。

界面还列出附近的其他站点，如 Chaussée de Wayaux 、 Villa Stassart 、 Lotissement 和 Rue du Cimetière，旨在帮助通勤者找到步行可达的便捷乘车地点。

为保证信息透明，平台引用了多个官方数据来源，包括 De Lijn 、 NMBS/SNCB 、 STIB 和 LETEC 。所展示的内容均来自这些机构提供的开放数据集，并标注了具体归属日期，以说明时刻表信息的时效性。 The provided text serves as a real-time transit information interface for users in the Mellet area. It highlights upcoming departure options, specifically identifying the Mellet Pont-à-Migneloux stop as being a short three-minute walk away. The platform functions as an independent application, clarifying that it is not affiliated with any government body or official transit operator.

In addition to the primary stop, the interface lists several other nearby locations, including stops at Chaussée de Wayaux, Villa Stassart, Lotissement, and Rue du Cimetière. These options are presented to assist commuters in identifying convenient transit points within walking distance of their current location.

To ensure transparency regarding the data provided, the platform cites several official sources, including De Lijn, NMBS/SNCB, STIB, and LETEC. The information presented is derived from the open data sets provided by these agencies, with specific attribution dates noted to signify the currency of the transit schedules being displayed to the user.

Gamers Nexus 最近与 Level1Techs 和独立安全研究人员合作进行的一项调查揭示了嵌入在 LG 智能电视中的令人担忧的数据收集行为。对包括 OLED G5 在内的零售机型的测试表明，这些电视会主动扫描本地网络以映射其他联网设备。通过使用 Wireshark 捕获网络数据包，研究人员发现电视会识别附近的设备（如智能手机和智能手表），并记录邻近 Wi‑Fi 网络的名称、信号强度以及位置信息。

这种大规模的数据收集似乎整合到了 LG Ad Solutions（公司的定向广告部门）。虽然 Automated Content Recognition（ACR）作为对屏幕音视频进行取样以生成数字指纹的技术早已为人所知，但这项新研究表明其监控范围远比此前认知的更广。该广告部门声称能接触到数以亿计的可寻址设备，这主要通过追踪与电视处于同一家庭网络的其它硬件实现。

更令人不安的是，调查发现这些电视即便在屏幕处于待机状态时仍会持续采集音频。在台架测试中，研究人员观察到电视在看似不活动时依然录得清晰的麦克风音频。如果电视与互联网断开，它会将语音输入保存在本地，待网络重连后再将这些文件上传到远程服务器。

除此之外，研究团队还在 webOS 中发现了多个远程代码执行漏洞，目前这些问题正通过负责任的漏洞披露程序处理。鉴于内置网络扫描和数据收集的激进性，研究人员建议消费者考虑完全断开 LG 智能电视的互联网连接，并改用外接且更安全的流媒体设备。 LG 尚未就此事发表评论。 A recent investigation by Gamers Nexus, conducted in collaboration with Level1Techs and independent security researchers, has revealed concerning data collection practices embedded in LG smart TVs. Testing performed on retail models, including the OLED G5, indicates that these televisions actively scan local networks to map other connected hardware. By utilizing network packet captures via Wireshark, researchers discovered that the TVs identify nearby devices like smartphones and smartwatches, while also logging the names and signal strengths of neighboring Wi-Fi networks along with location data.

This extensive data gathering appears to be integrated into LG Ad Solutions, the company's targeted advertising division. While Automated Content Recognition (ACR) has long been known as a method for sampling on-screen audio and video to generate digital fingerprints, this new research shows the scope of surveillance is significantly broader than previously understood. The ad division claims to have access to hundreds of millions of addressable devices, largely by tracking other hardware found on the same home network as the television.

Perhaps most alarmingly, the investigation found that these TVs continue to capture audio even when the screen is powered down in standby mode. During bench tests, researchers observed that the sets recorded clean microphone audio while seemingly inactive. If the television was disconnected from the internet, it would store this voice input locally and upload the collected files to remote servers once a network connection was re-established.

In addition to these tracking behaviors, the research team identified several remote code execution vulnerabilities within webOS. These findings are currently moving through a responsible disclosure process. Given the aggressive nature of the built-in network scanning and data harvesting, the researchers have advised consumers to consider disconnecting their LG smart TVs from the internet entirely, suggesting the use of external, more secure streaming devices instead. LG has not yet provided a comment regarding these revelations.

Swiss federal government 已启动一项重要试点，计划用开源替代方案替代 Microsoft 365 。该计划将把约 3,000 台工作站迁移到为协作与办公任务开发的 openDesk 套件。此次转型约占 federal administration 总体人员的 7%，此前的一项成功 proof-of-concept 研究已评估了脱离专有软件的可行性。

这次调整的动因在于对 digital sovereignty 的追求。专家指出，依赖单一外国供应商会给公共机构带来重大风险，主要包括：受海外云立法影响可能导致外国访问政府敏感数据、对单一供应商的运营依赖带来的脆弱性，以及专有许可费用不断上升且缺乏谈判空间。

目前 civilian 试点项目正在与现有 Microsoft 软件并行运行以确保平稳过渡，但 Swiss military 的动作更快。该国的 Cyber Command 已决定在 2026 年 10 月之前用 openDesk 完全取代 Microsoft 365 。军方加速推进的主要原因是必须严格保护敏感数据，防止潜在的外国监视或干预。

这些举措是更广泛联邦战略的一部分，该战略随着 2024 年 EMBAG Law 的出台而加速。该法要求所有 Swiss federal agencies 默认将政府开发的软件开源，以促进创新与协作。此外，Federal Council 已正式将 digital sovereignty 列为优先任务，将其定义为政府在不受外部国家或供应商制约的情况下履行基本职能的能力。

这一迁移使 Switzerland 与 France 和 Germany 等国并肩，积极探索减少对 big tech 的依赖。尽管 Microsoft 在该地区仍是重要参与者，并持续在本地 AI 和 cloud infrastructure 上大量投入，Swiss government 对开源解决方案的承诺表明了重新掌控其 digital infrastructure 的趋势。若试点取得成功，可能为其他希望摆脱专有生态系统的组织提供范例。 The Swiss federal government has embarked on a significant pilot program aimed at replacing Microsoft 365 with open-source alternatives. This initiative involves migrating 3,000 workstations to the openDesk suite, a platform developed to handle collaboration and office tasks. This transition represents approximately 7% of the federal administration's total workforce and follows a successful proof-of-concept study that evaluated the feasibility of moving away from proprietary software.

The motivation behind this shift is rooted in the pursuit of digital sovereignty. According to experts, reliance on a single foreign vendor creates substantial risks for public institutions. Key concerns include the potential for foreign access to sensitive government data due to overseas cloud legislation, the operational vulnerability inherent in depending on one supplier for core services, and the rising costs of proprietary licensing fees that offer no room for negotiation or leverage.

While the civilian pilot project is currently running in parallel with existing Microsoft software to ensure a smooth transition, the Swiss military is moving even faster. The nation's Cyber Command is already set to fully replace Microsoft 365 with the openDesk suite by October 2026. This accelerated timeline is primarily driven by the military's strict requirement to keep sensitive data protected from potential foreign surveillance or interference.

These actions are part of a broader federal strategy that gained momentum with the introduction of the EMBAG Law in 2024. This legislation mandates that all Swiss federal agencies make government-developed software open source by default to foster innovation and collaboration. Furthermore, the Federal Council has formally identified digital sovereignty as a top priority, defining it as the government's ability to carry out its essential functions without becoming beholden to external countries or suppliers.

This migration effort places Switzerland alongside other European nations, such as France and Germany, that are actively exploring ways to reduce their dependence on big tech. Although Microsoft remains a significant player in the region and continues to invest heavily in local AI and cloud infrastructure, the Swiss government's commitment to open-source solutions signals a growing trend toward reclaiming control over its digital infrastructure. Success in this pilot phase could serve as a model for other organizations seeking to move away from proprietary ecosystems.

Internet Archive 正在呼吁社区在今年 9 月通过一项特别筹款活动，支持其"为所有人提供普遍获取知识"的使命。作为一个提供免费访问海量藏书、不投放广告、不出售用户数据、也不受企业干预的数字图书馆，Internet Archive 在很大程度上依靠用户支持来维持其庞大基础设施。这些开支包括维持其 210 petabytes 存档数据所需的服务器、存储、电力和制冷等成本。

为鼓励长期支持，Internet Archive 在整个月内推出了匹配捐赠活动。凡是开始每月 25 美元或以上的新定期捐赠，首笔捐款将被三倍匹配——也就是说，每月 25 美元等同于 75 美元，每月 50 美元等同于 150 美元，每月 100 美元等同于 300 美元。通过鼓励定期捐赠，图书馆旨在锁定维持系统全年稳定运行所需的持续资金。

保持独立性是该组织的首要任务：它自行构建和运营技术，而不是把技术外包给第三方公司。这样可以确保这个数字图书馆作为一个中立且易于访问的资源，继续服务全球的求知者。每一笔捐款（平均约 25 美元）都对确保书籍可读、网站被存档以及数字历史为后代保存发挥着至关重要的作用。 The Internet Archive is calling on its community to support its mission of providing universal access to all knowledge through a special fundraising initiative this September. As a digital library that offers free access to vast collections without advertisements, selling user data, or corporate interference, the organization relies heavily on the support of its users to maintain its expansive infrastructure. This includes the essential costs of servers, storage, power, and cooling that underpin its 210 petabytes of archived data.

To encourage sustained support, the Internet Archive has introduced a matching gift campaign throughout the month. Individuals who begin a new recurring donation of $25 or more will have their initial contribution tripled. This means a $25 monthly gift effectively becomes $75, while a $50 gift grows to $150, and a $100 donation results in a total impact of $300. By focusing on recurring donations, the library aims to secure the dependable funding required to keep its systems operational year after year.

Maintaining this independence is a core priority for the organization, as it builds and operates its own technology rather than outsourcing to third-party corporations. This ensures that the digital library remains a neutral and accessible resource for curious learners globally. Every donation, with the average contribution hovering around $25, plays a vital role in ensuring that books remain readable, websites stay archived, and digital history is preserved for future generations.

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